fix environments demo (#696)

* fix

* fixes

* fixes

* update docs

* fixes

* fixes

* sandbox tokens

* better logging
This commit is contained in:
Chris Tate
2026-03-09 17:00:30 -05:00
committed by GitHub
parent c0a525c9e4
commit 5bf9fedd58
42 changed files with 1366 additions and 1850 deletions
+2 -20
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@@ -715,9 +715,7 @@ AGENT_BROWSER_EXECUTABLE_PATH=/path/to/chromium agent-browser open example.com
### Serverless (Vercel)
Two patterns for using agent-browser from Next.js server actions on Vercel:
**Vercel Sandbox** -- run agent-browser + Chrome in an ephemeral microVM. No external server needed:
Run agent-browser + Chrome in an ephemeral Vercel Sandbox microVM. No external server needed:
```typescript
import { Sandbox } from "@vercel/sandbox";
@@ -728,23 +726,7 @@ const result = await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["screenshot", "--json"
await sandbox.stop();
```
**External API server** -- host agent-browser on a server, call it from Vercel via HTTP:
```typescript
const res = await fetch(`${process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_API_URL}/api/run`, {
method: "POST",
headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
body: JSON.stringify({
commands: [
{ action: "launch", headless: true },
{ action: "navigate", url: "https://example.com" },
{ action: "screenshot" },
],
}),
});
```
See the [demo app](examples/demo/) for a visual demo of agent-browser's core capabilities across different compute environments.
See the [environments example](examples/environments/) for a working demo with a UI and deploy-to-Vercel button.
### Serverless (AWS Lambda)
+78 -135
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@@ -4,102 +4,27 @@ export const metadata = pageMetadata("next")
# Next.js + Vercel
Two patterns for running agent-browser from Next.js on Vercel.
Run agent-browser from a Next.js app on Vercel using Vercel Sandbox.
A Linux microVM spins up on demand, runs agent-browser + Chrome, and
shuts down. No binary size limits, no Chromium bundling complexity.
## Pattern 1: Serverless Function
Run `@sparticuz/chromium` + `puppeteer-core` directly inside a Vercel
serverless function. No external server needed.
### Setup
## Setup
```bash
pnpm add @sparticuz/chromium puppeteer-core
pnpm add @vercel/sandbox
```
### Browser launcher
```ts
import puppeteer from "puppeteer-core";
import chromium from "@sparticuz/chromium";
import fs from "node:fs";
const CHROME_PATHS = [
"/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome",
"/usr/bin/google-chrome",
"/usr/bin/chromium",
"/usr/bin/chromium-browser",
];
function findLocalChrome(): string {
for (const p of CHROME_PATHS) {
if (fs.existsSync(p)) return p;
}
throw new Error("Chrome not found. Set CHROMIUM_PATH.");
}
async function launchBrowser() {
const isLambda =
!!process.env.VERCEL || !!process.env.AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME;
return puppeteer.launch({
args: isLambda ? chromium.args : ["--no-sandbox"],
executablePath: isLambda
? await chromium.executablePath()
: process.env.CHROMIUM_PATH || findLocalChrome(),
headless: true,
defaultViewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
});
}
```
On Vercel, `@sparticuz/chromium` provides the binary automatically.
Locally, the launcher finds your system Chrome or uses `CHROMIUM_PATH`.
### Server action
```ts
"use server";
export async function screenshotUrl(url: string) {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
const title = await page.title();
const screenshot = await page.screenshot({ encoding: "base64" });
return { ok: true, title, screenshot };
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
```
### Next.js config
```ts
// next.config.ts
const nextConfig = {
serverExternalPackages: ["@sparticuz/chromium"],
};
export default nextConfig;
```
## Pattern 2: Vercel Sandbox
A Linux microVM spins up on demand, runs agent-browser + Chrome, and
shuts down. No binary size limits. Best for multi-step workflows or
when you need full Chrome capabilities.
### Server action
## Server action
```ts
"use server";
import { Sandbox } from "@vercel/sandbox";
export async function screenshotUrl(url: string) {
const snapshotId = process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID;
const snapshotId = process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID;
async function withBrowser<T>(
fn: (sandbox: InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>) => Promise<T>,
): Promise<T> {
const sandbox = snapshotId
? await Sandbox.create({
source: { type: "snapshot", snapshotId },
@@ -107,60 +32,95 @@ export async function screenshotUrl(url: string) {
})
: await Sandbox.create({ runtime: "node24", timeout: 120_000 });
try {
if (!snapshotId) {
await sandbox.runCommand("npm", ["install", "-g", "agent-browser"]);
await sandbox.runCommand("npx", ["agent-browser", "install"]);
}
if (!snapshotId) {
await sandbox.runCommand("npm", ["install", "-g", "agent-browser"]);
await sandbox.runCommand("npx", ["agent-browser", "install"]);
}
try {
return await fn(sandbox);
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
}
export async function screenshotUrl(url: string) {
return withBrowser(async (sandbox) => {
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["open", url]);
const result = await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", [
"screenshot", "--json",
]);
const stdout = await result.stdout();
const data = JSON.parse(stdout);
const data = JSON.parse(await result.stdout());
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["close"]);
return { ok: true, screenshot: data.data.base64 };
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
});
}
export async function snapshotUrl(url: string) {
return withBrowser(async (sandbox) => {
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["open", url]);
const result = await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", [
"snapshot", "-i", "-c",
]);
const snapshot = await result.stdout();
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["close"]);
return { ok: true, snapshot };
});
}
```
### Optimize with snapshots
## Sandbox snapshots
Installing agent-browser + Chromium takes ~30 seconds. Create a
snapshot to make sandbox creation sub-second:
Without optimization, each Sandbox run installs agent-browser + Chromium
from scratch (~30 seconds). A **sandbox snapshot** is a saved VM image
with everything pre-installed -- like a Docker image for Vercel Sandbox.
When `AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID` is set, the sandbox boots from that
image instead of installing, bringing startup down to sub-second.
This is different from an agent-browser *accessibility snapshot* (which
dumps a page's accessibility tree). A sandbox snapshot is a Vercel
infrastructure concept.
Create a sandbox snapshot by running the helper script once:
```bash
npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
# Output: AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
```
Add the snapshot ID to your Vercel environment variables or `.env.local`.
The script spins up a fresh sandbox, installs agent-browser + Chromium,
saves the VM state, and prints the snapshot ID:
```
AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
```
Add this to your Vercel project environment variables (or `.env.local`
for local development). Recommended for any production deployment.
## Scheduled workflows (cron)
For recurring tasks like daily monitoring, use Vercel Cron Jobs with
either pattern:
For recurring tasks like daily monitoring, use Vercel Cron Jobs:
```ts
// app/api/cron/monitor/route.ts
export async function GET() {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto("https://example.com/pricing", {
waitUntil: "networkidle2",
});
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
// Process results, send alerts, store in database...
return Response.json({ ok: true, snapshot });
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
const result = await withBrowser(async (sandbox) => {
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", [
"open", "https://example.com/pricing",
]);
const snap = await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", [
"snapshot", "-i", "-c",
]);
await sandbox.runCommand("agent-browser", ["close"]);
return await snap.stdout();
});
// Process results, send alerts, store data...
return Response.json({ ok: true, snapshot: result });
}
```
@@ -173,35 +133,18 @@ export async function GET() {
}
```
## When to use which pattern
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th></th><th>Serverless Function</th><th>Vercel Sandbox</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Infrastructure</td><td>None (runs in-function)</td><td>None (Vercel manages VMs)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Startup time</td><td>~2-3 seconds</td><td>Sub-second with snapshot</td></tr>
<tr><td>Binary size limit</td><td>50MB compressed</td><td>None</td></tr>
<tr><td>Multi-step workflows</td><td>Single request only</td><td>Yes (persistent session)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Task duration</td><td>Up to 300s (Pro)</td><td>Up to ~2 minutes</td></tr>
<tr><td>Best for</td><td>Fast single-request screenshots</td><td>Complex workflows, full Chrome</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Environment variables
<table>
<thead>
<tr><th>Variable</th><th>Pattern</th><th>Description</th></tr>
<tr><th>Variable</th><th>Description</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td><code>CHROMIUM_PATH</code></td><td>Serverless</td><td>Path to local Chrome/Chromium (auto-detected on Vercel)</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID</code></td><td>Sandbox</td><td>Pre-built snapshot for fast startup</td></tr>
<tr><td><code>AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID</code></td><td>Sandbox snapshot ID for sub-second startup (see above)</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
## Demo app
A working demo with both patterns, a UI, and a deploy-to-Vercel button is at
[`examples/demo/`](https://github.com/agent-browser/agent-browser/tree/main/examples/demo).
A working demo with a UI and deploy-to-Vercel button is at
[`examples/environments/`](https://github.com/agent-browser/agent-browser/tree/main/examples/environments).
-53
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@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
# agent-browser Demo
A visual demo of agent-browser's core capabilities. Enter a URL, pick a compute environment, and take a screenshot or accessibility snapshot.
## Environments
- **Serverless Function** -- `@sparticuz/chromium` + `puppeteer-core` running directly inside a Vercel serverless function
- **Vercel Sandbox** -- agent-browser + Chrome in an ephemeral Linux microVM
## Getting Started
```bash
cd examples/demo
pnpm install
pnpm dev
```
## Serverless Function
Runs headless Chrome directly in the serverless function. On Vercel, `@sparticuz/chromium` provides the binary automatically. Locally, the app finds your system Chrome or uses `CHROMIUM_PATH`.
## Vercel Sandbox
Spins up a Linux microVM on demand, installs agent-browser + Chrome, runs the commands, and shuts down. No binary size limits. Create a snapshot to make startup sub-second:
```bash
npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
# Output: AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
```
Add the snapshot ID to your Vercel environment variables or `.env.local`.
## Environment Variables
| Variable | Environment | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `CHROMIUM_PATH` | Serverless | Path to local Chrome/Chromium binary (auto-detected on Vercel) |
| `AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID` | Sandbox | Pre-built snapshot ID for fast startup |
## Project Structure
```
examples/demo/
app/
page.tsx # Demo UI
actions/browse.ts # Server actions (all environments)
api/browse/route.ts # API route for programmatic access
lib/
agent-browser.ts # Serverless: @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core
agent-browser-sandbox.ts # Sandbox: Vercel Sandbox client
scripts/
create-snapshot.ts # Create sandbox snapshot
```
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@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
"use server";
import { headers } from "next/headers";
import * as serverless from "@/lib/agent-browser";
import * as sandbox from "@/lib/agent-browser-sandbox";
import { ALLOWED_URLS } from "@/lib/constants";
import { minuteRateLimit, dailyRateLimit } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
async function checkRateLimit(): Promise<string | null> {
const h = await headers();
const ip = h.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",")[0] ?? "anonymous";
const minute = await minuteRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!minute.success) {
return "Too many requests. Please wait a moment before trying again.";
}
const daily = await dailyRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!daily.success) {
return "Daily limit reached. Please try again tomorrow.";
}
return null;
}
function isAllowedUrl(url: string): boolean {
return (ALLOWED_URLS as readonly string[]).includes(url);
}
export type EnvStatus = {
serverless: {
hasChromiumPath: boolean;
isVercel: boolean;
};
sandbox: {
hasSnapshot: boolean;
};
};
export async function getEnvStatus(): Promise<EnvStatus> {
return {
serverless: {
hasChromiumPath: !!process.env.CHROMIUM_PATH,
isVercel:
!!process.env.VERCEL || !!process.env.AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME,
},
sandbox: {
hasSnapshot: !!process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID,
},
};
}
export type ScreenshotResult = {
ok: boolean;
screenshot?: string;
title?: string;
error?: string;
};
export type SnapshotResult = {
ok: boolean;
snapshot?: string;
title?: string;
error?: string;
};
export type Mode = "serverless" | "sandbox";
/**
* Server action: screenshot a URL.
*
* mode="serverless" -- runs @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core in the function
* mode="sandbox" -- runs agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox microVM
*/
export async function takeScreenshot(
url: string,
mode: Mode = "serverless",
): Promise<ScreenshotResult> {
if (!isAllowedUrl(url)) {
return { ok: false, error: "URL not allowed" };
}
const rateLimitError = await checkRateLimit();
if (rateLimitError) {
return { ok: false, error: rateLimitError };
}
try {
if (mode === "sandbox") {
const { screenshot, title } = await sandbox.screenshotUrl(url);
return { ok: true, screenshot, title };
}
const { screenshot, title } = await serverless.screenshotUrl(url);
return { ok: true, screenshot, title };
} catch (err) {
return {
ok: false,
error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err),
};
}
}
/**
* Server action: snapshot a URL (accessibility tree).
*
* mode="serverless" -- runs @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core in the function
* mode="sandbox" -- runs agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox microVM
*/
export async function takeSnapshot(
url: string,
mode: Mode = "serverless",
): Promise<SnapshotResult> {
if (!isAllowedUrl(url)) {
return { ok: false, error: "URL not allowed" };
}
const rateLimitError = await checkRateLimit();
if (rateLimitError) {
return { ok: false, error: rateLimitError };
}
try {
if (mode === "sandbox") {
const { snapshot, title } = await sandbox.snapshotUrl(url, {
interactive: true,
compact: true,
});
return { ok: true, snapshot, title };
}
const { snapshot, title } = await serverless.snapshotUrl(url);
return { ok: true, snapshot, title };
} catch (err) {
return {
ok: false,
error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err),
};
}
}
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@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
import * as ab from "@/lib/agent-browser";
import { ALLOWED_URLS } from "@/lib/constants";
import { minuteRateLimit, dailyRateLimit } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
try {
const ip =
req.headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",")[0] ?? "anonymous";
const minute = await minuteRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!minute.success) {
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Too many requests. Please wait a moment before trying again." },
{ status: 429 },
);
}
const daily = await dailyRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!daily.success) {
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Daily limit reached. Please try again tomorrow." },
{ status: 429 },
);
}
const body = await req.json();
const url = body.url;
if (!url) {
return NextResponse.json({ error: "Provide a 'url'" }, { status: 400 });
}
if (!(ALLOWED_URLS as readonly string[]).includes(url)) {
return NextResponse.json({ error: "URL not allowed" }, { status: 400 });
}
if (body.action === "screenshot") {
const result = await ab.screenshotUrl(url, {
fullPage: body.fullPage,
});
return NextResponse.json(result);
}
if (body.action === "snapshot") {
const result = await ab.snapshotUrl(url, {
selector: body.selector,
});
return NextResponse.json(result);
}
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Provide 'action' as 'screenshot' or 'snapshot'" },
{ status: 400 },
);
} catch (err) {
const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
return NextResponse.json({ error: message }, { status: 502 });
}
}
-472
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@@ -1,472 +0,0 @@
"use client";
import { useState, useEffect, useSyncExternalStore } from "react";
import { takeScreenshot, takeSnapshot, getEnvStatus } from "./actions/browse";
import type {
ScreenshotResult,
SnapshotResult,
Mode,
EnvStatus,
} from "./actions/browse";
import {
ResizablePanelGroup,
ResizablePanel,
ResizableHandle,
} from "@/components/ui/resizable";
import { ALLOWED_URLS } from "@/lib/constants";
import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
import { Alert, AlertTitle, AlertDescription } from "@/components/ui/alert";
import { Loader2, Monitor, TriangleAlert, CircleX } from "lucide-react";
const MOBILE_QUERY = "(max-width: 767px)";
const subscribe = (cb: () => void) => {
const mql = window.matchMedia(MOBILE_QUERY);
mql.addEventListener("change", cb);
return () => mql.removeEventListener("change", cb);
};
const getSnapshot = () => window.matchMedia(MOBILE_QUERY).matches;
const getServerSnapshot = () => false;
function useIsMobile() {
return useSyncExternalStore(subscribe, getSnapshot, getServerSnapshot);
}
type Action = "screenshot" | "snapshot";
function formatError(raw: string): string {
let cleaned = raw.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, " ").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
const match = cleaned.match(/(?:error|Error)[:\s]*(.{1,200})/);
if (match) cleaned = match[1].trim();
if (cleaned.length > 300) cleaned = cleaned.slice(0, 300) + "...";
return cleaned || raw.slice(0, 300);
}
function SegmentedControl<T extends string>({
value,
onChange,
options,
}: {
value: T;
onChange: (v: T) => void;
options: { value: T; label: string }[];
}) {
return (
<div className="inline-flex rounded-lg border border-input bg-muted p-0.5 w-full">
{options.map((opt) => (
<button
key={opt.value}
type="button"
onClick={() => onChange(opt.value)}
className={`
flex-1 px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] font-medium rounded-md transition-all cursor-pointer
${
value === opt.value
? "bg-background text-foreground shadow-sm"
: "text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground"
}
`}
>
{opt.label}
</button>
))}
</div>
);
}
function EnvBadge({
label,
value,
status,
}: {
label: string;
value?: string;
status: "ok" | "warn" | "missing";
}) {
const variant =
status === "ok"
? "outline"
: status === "warn"
? "secondary"
: "destructive";
const icon =
status === "ok" ? "\u2713" : status === "warn" ? "\u26A0" : "\u2717";
return (
<Badge variant={variant} className="gap-1 font-mono text-[10px]">
<span>{icon}</span>
{label}
{value && <span className="opacity-60">{value}</span>}
</Badge>
);
}
function ErrorDisplay({ error }: { error: string }) {
const isHtml = /<[a-z][\s\S]*>/i.test(error);
const message = isHtml ? formatError(error) : error;
const showRaw = isHtml && error.length > 100;
return (
<div className="w-full max-w-2xl space-y-0">
<Alert variant="destructive">
<CircleX className="size-4" />
<AlertTitle>Request failed</AlertTitle>
<AlertDescription>{message}</AlertDescription>
</Alert>
{showRaw && (
<details className="border border-t-0 border-border rounded-b-lg overflow-hidden">
<summary className="px-4 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground cursor-pointer hover:bg-muted transition-colors">
Show raw response
</summary>
<pre className="px-4 py-3 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-muted-foreground font-mono overflow-auto max-h-[200px] bg-muted/50">
{error}
</pre>
</details>
)}
</div>
);
}
function ModeCard({
selected,
onSelect,
title,
description,
badges,
}: {
selected: boolean;
onSelect: () => void;
title: string;
description: string;
badges?: React.ReactNode;
}) {
return (
<button
type="button"
onClick={onSelect}
className={`
w-full text-left rounded-lg border p-3 transition-all cursor-pointer
${
selected
? "border-ring bg-background ring-1 ring-ring/20"
: "border-input bg-background hover:border-ring/50"
}
`}
>
<div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-1.5">
<div
className={`
size-3.5 rounded-full border-2 flex items-center justify-center shrink-0 transition-colors
${selected ? "border-foreground" : "border-muted-foreground/30"}
`}
>
{selected && (
<div className="size-1.5 rounded-full bg-foreground" />
)}
</div>
<span className="text-[13px] font-semibold">{title}</span>
</div>
<p className="text-[12px] text-muted-foreground leading-relaxed pl-[22px] mb-2">
{description}
</p>
{badges && (
<div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5 pl-[22px]">{badges}</div>
)}
</button>
);
}
export default function Home() {
const isMobile = useIsMobile();
const [url, setUrl] = useState<string>(ALLOWED_URLS[0]);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
const [action, setAction] = useState<Action>("screenshot");
const [mode, setMode] = useState<Mode>("serverless");
const [screenshotResult, setScreenshotResult] =
useState<ScreenshotResult | null>(null);
const [snapshotResult, setSnapshotResult] =
useState<SnapshotResult | null>(null);
const [envStatus, setEnvStatus] = useState<EnvStatus | null>(null);
useEffect(() => {
getEnvStatus().then(setEnvStatus);
}, []);
function clearResults() {
setScreenshotResult(null);
setSnapshotResult(null);
}
async function handleSubmit(e: React.FormEvent) {
e.preventDefault();
setLoading(true);
setScreenshotResult(null);
setSnapshotResult(null);
try {
if (action === "screenshot") {
const result = await takeScreenshot(url, mode);
setScreenshotResult(result);
} else {
const result = await takeSnapshot(url, mode);
setSnapshotResult(result);
}
} catch (err) {
const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
if (action === "screenshot") {
setScreenshotResult({ ok: false, error: message });
} else {
setSnapshotResult({ ok: false, error: message });
}
} finally {
setLoading(false);
}
}
const hasResult = screenshotResult || snapshotResult;
const envWarning =
envStatus &&
mode === "serverless" &&
!envStatus.serverless.isVercel &&
!envStatus.serverless.hasChromiumPath
? "Running locally without CHROMIUM_PATH. The app will try to use your system Chrome. Set CHROMIUM_PATH if Chrome is not in the default location."
: null;
const controlsForm = (
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="p-5 space-y-5">
<div className="space-y-1.5">
<Label
htmlFor="url-select"
className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wider"
>
URL
</Label>
<select
id="url-select"
value={url}
onChange={(e) => {
setUrl(e.target.value);
clearResults();
}}
className="flex h-9 w-full rounded-md border border-input bg-background px-3 py-1 text-sm shadow-xs transition-colors focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-1 focus-visible:ring-ring"
>
{ALLOWED_URLS.map((u) => (
<option key={u} value={u}>
{u.replace("https://", "")}
</option>
))}
</select>
</div>
<div className="space-y-1.5">
<Label className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wider">
Action
</Label>
<SegmentedControl<Action>
value={action}
onChange={(v) => {
setAction(v);
clearResults();
}}
options={[
{ value: "screenshot", label: "Screenshot" },
{ value: "snapshot", label: "Snapshot" },
]}
/>
<p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
{action === "screenshot"
? "Captures a full-page PNG image"
: "Returns the accessibility tree"}
</p>
</div>
<div className="space-y-1.5">
<Label className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wider">
Environment
</Label>
<div className="space-y-2">
<ModeCard
selected={mode === "serverless"}
onSelect={() => {
setMode("serverless");
clearResults();
}}
title="Serverless Function"
description="Runs @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core directly in a Vercel function."
badges={
envStatus && (
<EnvBadge
label="@sparticuz/chromium"
status={
envStatus.serverless.isVercel
? "ok"
: envStatus.serverless.hasChromiumPath
? "ok"
: "warn"
}
value={
envStatus.serverless.isVercel
? "auto"
: envStatus.serverless.hasChromiumPath
? "CHROMIUM_PATH"
: "system Chrome"
}
/>
)
}
/>
<ModeCard
selected={mode === "sandbox"}
onSelect={() => {
setMode("sandbox");
clearResults();
}}
title="Vercel Sandbox"
description="Ephemeral microVM with agent-browser + Chrome. No binary size limits."
badges={
envStatus && (
<EnvBadge
label="AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID"
status={
envStatus.sandbox.hasSnapshot ? "ok" : "warn"
}
/>
)
}
/>
</div>
</div>
{envWarning && (
<Alert>
<TriangleAlert className="size-4" />
<AlertTitle>Local development</AlertTitle>
<AlertDescription>{envWarning}</AlertDescription>
</Alert>
)}
<Button
type="submit"
disabled={loading}
className="w-full"
size="lg"
>
{loading && <Loader2 className="size-4 animate-spin" />}
{loading ? "Running..." : "Run"}
</Button>
</form>
);
const resultContent = loading ? (
<div className="min-h-[300px] md:h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 text-muted-foreground">
<Loader2 className="size-6 animate-spin" />
<p className="text-sm">Taking {action}...</p>
</div>
) : hasResult ? (
<div className="flex flex-col items-center p-6 lg:p-10">
{screenshotResult &&
(screenshotResult.ok ? (
<div className="w-full max-w-3xl">
<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
<h2 className="text-sm font-semibold truncate mr-3">
{screenshotResult.title}
</h2>
<Badge variant="outline" className="font-mono text-[11px] shrink-0">
screenshot
</Badge>
</div>
<div className="rounded-xl border border-border overflow-hidden shadow-sm">
<img
src={`data:image/png;base64,${screenshotResult.screenshot}`}
alt={screenshotResult.title}
className="w-full block"
/>
</div>
</div>
) : (
<ErrorDisplay
error={screenshotResult.error ?? "Unknown error"}
/>
))}
{snapshotResult &&
(snapshotResult.ok ? (
<div className="w-full max-w-3xl">
<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
<h2 className="text-sm font-semibold truncate mr-3">
{snapshotResult.title}
</h2>
<Badge variant="outline" className="font-mono text-[11px] shrink-0">
snapshot
</Badge>
</div>
<pre className="bg-card rounded-xl border border-border p-5 overflow-auto text-[13px] leading-relaxed font-mono max-h-[calc(100vh-12rem)]">
{snapshotResult.snapshot}
</pre>
</div>
) : (
<ErrorDisplay
error={snapshotResult.error ?? "Unknown error"}
/>
))}
</div>
) : (
<div className="min-h-[300px] md:h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-muted-foreground">
<Monitor className="size-12 mb-4 opacity-30" strokeWidth={1} />
<p className="text-sm font-medium mb-1">No result yet</p>
<p className="text-[13px]">Enter a URL and click Run</p>
</div>
);
return (
<div className="h-screen flex flex-col">
<header className="border-b border-border shrink-0">
<div className="px-4 md:px-6 h-12 flex items-center justify-between">
<div className="flex items-center gap-3">
<span className="text-sm font-semibold tracking-tight">
agent-browser
</span>
<span className="text-muted-foreground text-sm hidden sm:inline">/</span>
<span className="text-sm text-muted-foreground hidden sm:inline">
Demo
</span>
</div>
<a
href="https://vercel.com/new/clone?repository-url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fagent-browser%2Fagent-browser%2Ftree%2Fmain%2Fexamples%2Fdemo&env=CHROMIUM_PATH&envDescription=Optional%20path%20to%20Chromium%20binary.%20Not%20needed%20on%20Vercel.&envLink=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fagent-browser%2Fagent-browser%2Ftree%2Fmain%2Fexamples%2Fdemo%23environment-variables&project-name=agent-browser-demo&repository-name=agent-browser-demo"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener noreferrer"
>
<img
src="https://vercel.com/button"
alt="Deploy with Vercel"
className="h-8"
/>
</a>
</div>
</header>
{isMobile ? (
<div className="flex-1 overflow-auto">
<div className="border-b border-border">{controlsForm}</div>
<div className="bg-surface">{resultContent}</div>
</div>
) : (
<ResizablePanelGroup orientation="horizontal" className="flex-1">
<ResizablePanel defaultSize="30%" minSize="20%" maxSize="50%">
<aside className="h-full overflow-y-auto">{controlsForm}</aside>
</ResizablePanel>
<ResizableHandle withHandle />
<ResizablePanel defaultSize="70%">
<main className="h-full overflow-auto bg-surface">
{resultContent}
</main>
</ResizablePanel>
</ResizablePanelGroup>
)}
</div>
);
}
-164
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@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
/**
* Run agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
*
* No external server needed -- a Linux microVM spins up on demand,
* runs agent-browser + headless Chrome, and shuts down when done.
*
* For production, create a snapshot with agent-browser and Chromium
* pre-installed so startup is sub-second instead of ~30s.
*/
import { Sandbox } from "@vercel/sandbox";
export type SandboxResult = {
exitCode: number;
stdout: string;
stderr: string;
};
const SNAPSHOT_ID = process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID;
async function createSandbox(): Promise<InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>> {
if (SNAPSHOT_ID) {
return Sandbox.create({
source: { type: "snapshot", snapshotId: SNAPSHOT_ID },
timeout: 120_000,
});
}
const sandbox = await Sandbox.create({
runtime: "node24",
timeout: 120_000,
});
await sandbox.runCommand("npm", ["install", "-g", "agent-browser"]);
await sandbox.runCommand("npx", ["agent-browser", "install"]);
return sandbox;
}
async function exec(
sandbox: InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>,
cmd: string,
args: string[],
): Promise<SandboxResult> {
const result = await sandbox.runCommand(cmd, args);
return {
exitCode: result.exitCode,
stdout: await result.stdout(),
stderr: await result.stderr(),
};
}
/**
* Screenshot a URL using agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
* Returns base64-encoded PNG.
*/
export async function screenshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { fullPage?: boolean } = {},
): Promise<{ screenshot: string; title: string }> {
const sandbox = await createSandbox();
try {
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", url]);
const titleResult = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", [
"get",
"title",
"--json",
]);
const title = tryParseJson(titleResult.stdout)?.data?.title || url;
const screenshotArgs = ["screenshot", "--json"];
if (opts.fullPage) screenshotArgs.push("--full");
const ssResult = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", screenshotArgs);
const screenshot = tryParseJson(ssResult.stdout)?.data?.base64 || "";
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["close"]);
return { screenshot, title };
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
}
/**
* Snapshot a URL (accessibility tree) using agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
*/
export async function snapshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { interactive?: boolean; compact?: boolean } = {},
): Promise<{ snapshot: string; title: string }> {
const sandbox = await createSandbox();
try {
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", url]);
const titleResult = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", [
"get",
"title",
"--json",
]);
const title = tryParseJson(titleResult.stdout)?.data?.title || url;
const snapshotArgs = ["snapshot"];
if (opts.interactive) snapshotArgs.push("-i");
if (opts.compact) snapshotArgs.push("-c");
const snapResult = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", snapshotArgs);
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["close"]);
return { snapshot: snapResult.stdout, title };
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
}
/**
* Run arbitrary agent-browser commands inside a Vercel Sandbox.
* Each command is a string array like ["open", "https://example.com"].
*/
export async function runCommands(
commands: string[][],
): Promise<SandboxResult[]> {
const sandbox = await createSandbox();
try {
const results: SandboxResult[] = [];
for (const args of commands) {
const result = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", args);
results.push(result);
if (result.exitCode !== 0) break;
}
return results;
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
}
/**
* Create a reusable snapshot with agent-browser + Chromium pre-installed.
* Run this once, then set AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID for fast startup.
*/
export async function createSnapshot(): Promise<string> {
const sandbox = await Sandbox.create({
runtime: "node24",
timeout: 300_000,
});
await sandbox.runCommand("npm", ["install", "-g", "agent-browser"]);
await sandbox.runCommand("npx", ["agent-browser", "install"]);
const snapshot = await sandbox.snapshot();
return snapshot.snapshotId;
}
// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
function tryParseJson(str: string): any {
try {
return JSON.parse(str);
} catch {
return null;
}
}
-105
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@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
/**
* Run browser automation directly in a Vercel serverless function
* using @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core.
*
* In development, uses the local Chrome/Chromium installation.
* In production (Vercel), uses @sparticuz/chromium's bundled binary.
*/
import puppeteer from "puppeteer-core";
import chromium from "@sparticuz/chromium";
import fs from "node:fs";
const CHROME_PATHS = [
// macOS
"/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome",
// Linux
"/usr/bin/google-chrome",
"/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable",
"/usr/bin/chromium",
"/usr/bin/chromium-browser",
// Windows (WSL / common locations)
"/mnt/c/Program Files/Google/Chrome/Application/chrome.exe",
"/mnt/c/Program Files (x86)/Google/Chrome/Application/chrome.exe",
];
function findLocalChrome(): string {
for (const p of CHROME_PATHS) {
if (fs.existsSync(p)) return p;
}
throw new Error(
`Chrome not found. Set CHROMIUM_PATH to your Chrome/Chromium binary. Searched: ${CHROME_PATHS.join(", ")}`,
);
}
async function launchBrowser() {
const isLambda =
!!process.env.VERCEL || !!process.env.AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME;
const executablePath = isLambda
? await chromium.executablePath()
: process.env.CHROMIUM_PATH || findLocalChrome();
const args = isLambda
? chromium.args
: ["--no-sandbox", "--disable-setuid-sandbox"];
return puppeteer.launch({
args,
executablePath,
headless: true,
defaultViewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
});
}
export async function screenshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { fullPage?: boolean } = {},
): Promise<{ screenshot: string; title: string }> {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
const title = await page.title();
const screenshot = await page.screenshot({
fullPage: opts.fullPage,
encoding: "base64",
});
return {
title: title || url,
screenshot: screenshot as string,
};
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
export async function snapshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { selector?: string } = {},
): Promise<{ snapshot: string; title: string }> {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
const title = await page.title();
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot({
root: opts.selector
? (await page.$(opts.selector)) ?? undefined
: undefined,
});
return {
title: title || url,
snapshot: JSON.stringify(snapshot, null, 2),
};
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
-26
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@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
/**
* Create a Vercel Sandbox snapshot with agent-browser + Chromium pre-installed.
*
* Run once: npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
* Then set: AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=<output id>
*
* This makes sandbox creation sub-second instead of ~30s.
*/
import { createSnapshot } from "../lib/agent-browser-sandbox";
async function main() {
console.log("Creating Vercel Sandbox with agent-browser + Chromium...");
console.log("This takes ~30-60 seconds on first run.\n");
const snapshotId = await createSnapshot();
console.log("\nSnapshot created successfully!");
console.log(`\n AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=${snapshotId}\n`);
console.log("Add this to your .env.local or Vercel environment variables.");
}
main().catch((err) => {
console.error("Failed to create snapshot:", err.message || err);
process.exit(1);
});
@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
# --- Serverless function mode (@sparticuz/chromium) ---
# Optional: path to Chromium binary for local development.
# On Vercel, @sparticuz/chromium provides this automatically.
# CHROMIUM_PATH=/usr/bin/chromium-browser
# --- Vercel Sandbox mode ---
# --- Vercel Sandbox ---
# Snapshot ID with agent-browser + Chromium pre-installed (optional, speeds up startup)
# Create one with: npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
# AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
# --- Sandbox Authentication ---
# On Vercel deployments, OIDC auth is automatic. For local development,
# provide explicit credentials:
# VERCEL_TOKEN=
# VERCEL_TEAM_ID=
# VERCEL_PROJECT_ID=
# --- Rate Limiting (Upstash / Vercel KV) ---
# Automatically populated when you add Vercel KV to your project
KV_REST_API_URL=
+54
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
# agent-browser Environments
A demo of agent-browser running in a Vercel Sandbox. Enter a URL and take a screenshot or accessibility snapshot.
## How It Works
The app runs agent-browser + Chrome inside an ephemeral Vercel Sandbox microVM. A Linux VM spins up on demand, executes agent-browser commands, and shuts down. No binary size limits, no Chromium bundling complexity.
## Getting Started
```bash
cd examples/environments
pnpm install
pnpm dev
```
## Sandbox Snapshots
Without optimization, each Sandbox run installs agent-browser + Chromium from scratch (~30s). A **sandbox snapshot** is a saved VM image with everything pre-installed -- the sandbox boots from the image instead of installing, bringing startup down to sub-second. (This is unrelated to agent-browser's *accessibility snapshot* feature, which dumps a page's accessibility tree.)
Create a sandbox snapshot by running the helper script once:
```bash
npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
# Output: AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
```
Add the ID to your Vercel project environment variables or `.env.local`. Recommended for production.
## Environment Variables
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
| `AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID` | Sandbox snapshot ID for sub-second startup (see above) |
| `KV_REST_API_URL` | Upstash Redis URL for rate limiting (optional) |
| `KV_REST_API_TOKEN` | Upstash Redis token for rate limiting (optional) |
| `RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE` | Max requests per minute per IP (default: 10) |
| `RATE_LIMIT_PER_DAY` | Max requests per day per IP (default: 100) |
## Project Structure
```
examples/environments/
app/
page.tsx # Demo UI
actions/browse.ts # Server actions
api/browse/route.ts # API route for programmatic access
lib/
agent-browser-sandbox.ts # Vercel Sandbox client
constants.ts # Allowed URLs
rate-limit.ts # Upstash rate limiting
scripts/
create-snapshot.ts # Create sandbox snapshot
```
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
"use server";
export type EnvStatus = {
sandbox: {
hasSnapshot: boolean;
};
};
export async function getEnvStatus(): Promise<EnvStatus> {
return {
sandbox: {
hasSnapshot: !!process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID,
},
};
}
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
import * as sandbox from "@/lib/agent-browser-sandbox";
import type { StepEvent } from "@/lib/agent-browser-sandbox";
import { ALLOWED_URLS } from "@/lib/constants";
import { minuteRateLimit, dailyRateLimit } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
const ip =
req.headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",")[0] ?? "anonymous";
const minute = await minuteRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!minute.success) {
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Too many requests. Please wait a moment before trying again." },
{ status: 429 },
);
}
const daily = await dailyRateLimit.limit(ip);
if (!daily.success) {
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Daily limit reached. Please try again tomorrow." },
{ status: 429 },
);
}
const body = await req.json();
const { url, action } = body;
if (!url) {
return NextResponse.json({ error: "Provide a 'url'" }, { status: 400 });
}
if (!(ALLOWED_URLS as readonly string[]).includes(url)) {
return NextResponse.json({ error: "URL not allowed" }, { status: 400 });
}
if (action !== "screenshot" && action !== "snapshot") {
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "Provide 'action' as 'screenshot' or 'snapshot'" },
{ status: 400 },
);
}
const encoder = new TextEncoder();
const stream = new ReadableStream({
async start(controller) {
const send = (event: string, data: unknown) => {
controller.enqueue(
encoder.encode(`event: ${event}\ndata: ${JSON.stringify(data)}\n\n`),
);
};
const onStep = (step: StepEvent) => {
send("step", step);
};
try {
if (action === "screenshot") {
const result = await sandbox.screenshotUrl(url, {
fullPage: body.fullPage,
onStep,
});
send("result", { ok: true, ...result });
} else {
const result = await sandbox.snapshotUrl(url, {
interactive: true,
compact: true,
onStep,
});
send("result", { ok: true, ...result });
}
} catch (err) {
const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
send("result", { ok: false, error: message });
}
controller.close();
},
});
return new Response(stream, {
headers: {
"Content-Type": "text/event-stream",
"Cache-Control": "no-cache",
Connection: "keep-alive",
},
});
}
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@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import { GeistMono } from "geist/font/mono";
import "./globals.css";
export const metadata: Metadata = {
title: "agent-browser Demo",
description: "A visual demo of agent-browser's core capabilities",
title: "agent-browser Environments",
description: "Run agent-browser in different compute environments",
};
export default function RootLayout({
+518
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
"use client";
import { useState, useEffect, useRef, useSyncExternalStore } from "react";
import { getEnvStatus } from "./actions/browse";
import type { EnvStatus } from "./actions/browse";
import {
ResizablePanelGroup,
ResizablePanel,
ResizableHandle,
} from "@/components/ui/resizable";
import { ALLOWED_URLS } from "@/lib/constants";
import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
import { Label } from "@/components/ui/label";
import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
import { Alert, AlertTitle, AlertDescription } from "@/components/ui/alert";
import {
Select,
SelectContent,
SelectItem,
SelectTrigger,
SelectValue,
} from "@/components/ui/select";
import { Loader2, Monitor, CircleX, Sun, Moon, Check } from "lucide-react";
const MOBILE_QUERY = "(max-width: 767px)";
const subscribe = (cb: () => void) => {
const mql = window.matchMedia(MOBILE_QUERY);
mql.addEventListener("change", cb);
return () => mql.removeEventListener("change", cb);
};
const getMobileSnapshot = () => window.matchMedia(MOBILE_QUERY).matches;
const getServerSnapshot = () => false;
function useIsMobile() {
return useSyncExternalStore(subscribe, getMobileSnapshot, getServerSnapshot);
}
function useTheme() {
const [theme, setThemeState] = useState<"light" | "dark">("light");
useEffect(() => {
const stored = localStorage.getItem("theme");
const initial =
stored === "dark" ||
(!stored && window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches)
? "dark"
: "light";
setThemeState(initial);
document.documentElement.classList.toggle("dark", initial === "dark");
}, []);
const toggle = () => {
const next = theme === "dark" ? "light" : "dark";
setThemeState(next);
document.documentElement.classList.toggle("dark", next === "dark");
localStorage.setItem("theme", next);
};
return { theme, toggle };
}
type Action = "screenshot" | "snapshot";
type StepInfo = {
step: string;
status: "running" | "done" | "error";
elapsed?: number;
};
type BrowseResult = {
ok: boolean;
screenshot?: string;
snapshot?: string;
title?: string;
error?: string;
};
function formatError(raw: string): string {
let cleaned = raw.replace(/<[^>]*>/g, " ").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
const match = cleaned.match(/(?:error|Error)[:\s]*(.{1,200})/);
if (match) cleaned = match[1].trim();
if (cleaned.length > 300) cleaned = cleaned.slice(0, 300) + "...";
return cleaned || raw.slice(0, 300);
}
function SegmentedControl<T extends string>({
value,
onChange,
options,
}: {
value: T;
onChange: (v: T) => void;
options: { value: T; label: string }[];
}) {
return (
<div className="inline-flex rounded-lg border border-input bg-muted p-0.5 w-full">
{options.map((opt) => (
<button
key={opt.value}
type="button"
onClick={() => onChange(opt.value)}
className={`
flex-1 px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] font-medium rounded-md transition-all cursor-pointer
${
value === opt.value
? "bg-background text-foreground shadow-sm"
: "text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground"
}
`}
>
{opt.label}
</button>
))}
</div>
);
}
function StepIndicator({ step }: { step: StepInfo }) {
return (
<div className="flex items-center gap-2.5 py-1">
<div className="size-4 flex items-center justify-center shrink-0">
{step.status === "running" ? (
<Loader2 className="size-3.5 animate-spin text-muted-foreground" />
) : step.status === "done" ? (
<Check className="size-3.5 text-emerald-500" />
) : (
<CircleX className="size-3.5 text-destructive" />
)}
</div>
<span
className={`text-[13px] ${
step.status === "running"
? "text-foreground"
: step.status === "done"
? "text-muted-foreground"
: "text-destructive"
}`}
>
{step.step}
</span>
{step.elapsed != null && step.status !== "running" && (
<span className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground/60 tabular-nums ml-auto">
{(step.elapsed / 1000).toFixed(1)}s
</span>
)}
</div>
);
}
function ErrorDisplay({ error }: { error: string }) {
const isHtml = /<[a-z][\s\S]*>/i.test(error);
const message = isHtml ? formatError(error) : error;
const showRaw = isHtml && error.length > 100;
return (
<div className="w-full max-w-2xl space-y-0">
<Alert variant="destructive">
<CircleX className="size-4" />
<AlertTitle>Request failed</AlertTitle>
<AlertDescription>{message}</AlertDescription>
</Alert>
{showRaw && (
<details className="border border-t-0 border-border rounded-b-lg overflow-hidden">
<summary className="px-4 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-muted-foreground cursor-pointer hover:bg-muted transition-colors">
Show raw response
</summary>
<pre className="px-4 py-3 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-muted-foreground font-mono overflow-auto max-h-[200px] bg-muted/50">
{error}
</pre>
</details>
)}
</div>
);
}
async function streamBrowse(
url: string,
action: Action,
onStep: (step: StepInfo) => void,
): Promise<BrowseResult> {
const res = await fetch("/api/browse", {
method: "POST",
headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
body: JSON.stringify({ url, action }),
});
if (!res.ok) {
const body = await res.json().catch(() => null);
return { ok: false, error: body?.error || `HTTP ${res.status}` };
}
const reader = res.body?.getReader();
if (!reader) {
return { ok: false, error: "No response stream" };
}
const decoder = new TextDecoder();
let buffer = "";
let result: BrowseResult = { ok: false, error: "No result received" };
while (true) {
const { done, value } = await reader.read();
if (done) break;
buffer += decoder.decode(value, { stream: true });
const parts = buffer.split("\n\n");
buffer = parts.pop() || "";
for (const part of parts) {
const eventMatch = part.match(/^event: (\w+)\ndata: ([\s\S]+)$/);
if (!eventMatch) continue;
const [, event, data] = eventMatch;
try {
const parsed = JSON.parse(data);
if (event === "step") {
onStep(parsed as StepInfo);
} else if (event === "result") {
result = parsed as BrowseResult;
}
} catch {
// skip malformed events
}
}
}
return result;
}
export default function Home() {
const isMobile = useIsMobile();
const { theme, toggle: toggleTheme } = useTheme();
const [url, setUrl] = useState<string>(ALLOWED_URLS[0]);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
const [action, setAction] = useState<Action>("screenshot");
const [result, setResult] = useState<BrowseResult | null>(null);
const [steps, setSteps] = useState<StepInfo[]>([]);
const [envStatus, setEnvStatus] = useState<EnvStatus | null>(null);
const stepsEndRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
useEffect(() => {
getEnvStatus().then(setEnvStatus);
}, []);
function clearResults() {
setResult(null);
setSteps([]);
}
async function handleSubmit(e: React.FormEvent) {
e.preventDefault();
setLoading(true);
setResult(null);
setSteps([]);
try {
const browseResult = await streamBrowse(url, action, (step) => {
setSteps((prev) => {
const existing = prev.findIndex((s) => s.step === step.step);
if (existing >= 0) {
const updated = [...prev];
updated[existing] = step;
return updated;
}
return [...prev, step];
});
});
setResult(browseResult);
} catch (err) {
const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
setResult({ ok: false, error: message });
} finally {
setLoading(false);
}
}
useEffect(() => {
stepsEndRef.current?.scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" });
}, [steps]);
const controlsForm = (
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="p-5 space-y-5">
<div className="space-y-1.5">
<Label
htmlFor="url-select"
className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wider"
>
URL
</Label>
<Select
value={url}
onValueChange={(v) => {
if (v) setUrl(v);
clearResults();
}}
>
<SelectTrigger id="url-select">
<SelectValue />
</SelectTrigger>
<SelectContent>
{ALLOWED_URLS.map((u) => (
<SelectItem key={u} value={u}>
{u.replace("https://", "")}
</SelectItem>
))}
</SelectContent>
</Select>
</div>
<div className="space-y-1.5">
<Label className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground uppercase tracking-wider">
Action
</Label>
<SegmentedControl<Action>
value={action}
onChange={(v) => {
setAction(v);
clearResults();
}}
options={[
{ value: "screenshot", label: "Screenshot" },
{ value: "snapshot", label: "Snapshot" },
]}
/>
<p className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground">
{action === "screenshot"
? "Captures a full-page PNG image"
: "Returns the accessibility tree"}
</p>
</div>
{envStatus && !envStatus.sandbox.hasSnapshot && (
<Alert>
<AlertTitle className="text-[12px]">
Sandbox snapshot not configured
</AlertTitle>
<AlertDescription className="text-[11px]">
Without a sandbox snapshot, the VM installs agent-browser +
Chromium on every request (~30s). Create one with{" "}
<code className="text-[10px] bg-muted px-1 py-0.5 rounded">
npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
</code>{" "}
and set{" "}
<code className="text-[10px] bg-muted px-1 py-0.5 rounded">
AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID
</code>{" "}
for sub-second startup.
</AlertDescription>
</Alert>
)}
<Button type="submit" disabled={loading} className="w-full" size="lg">
{loading && <Loader2 className="size-4 animate-spin" />}
{loading ? "Running..." : "Run"}
</Button>
</form>
);
const showSteps = loading || (steps.length > 0 && !result);
const hasResult = result && !loading;
const resultContent = showSteps ? (
<div className="p-6 lg:p-10">
<div className="max-w-xl mx-auto">
<div className="space-y-0.5">
{steps.map((s, i) => (
<StepIndicator key={`${s.step}-${i}`} step={s} />
))}
<div ref={stepsEndRef} />
</div>
</div>
</div>
) : hasResult ? (
<div className="flex flex-col items-center p-6 lg:p-10">
{result.ok && result.screenshot && (
<div className="w-full max-w-3xl">
<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
<h2 className="text-sm font-semibold truncate mr-3">
{result.title}
</h2>
<Badge
variant="outline"
className="font-mono text-[11px] shrink-0"
>
screenshot
</Badge>
</div>
<div className="rounded-xl border border-border overflow-hidden shadow-sm">
<img
src={`data:image/png;base64,${result.screenshot}`}
alt={result.title}
className="w-full block"
/>
</div>
<details className="mt-4">
<summary className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground cursor-pointer hover:text-foreground transition-colors">
Show steps ({steps.length})
</summary>
<div className="mt-2 space-y-0.5">
{steps.map((s, i) => (
<StepIndicator key={`${s.step}-${i}`} step={s} />
))}
</div>
</details>
</div>
)}
{result.ok && result.snapshot && (
<div className="w-full max-w-3xl">
<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
<h2 className="text-sm font-semibold truncate mr-3">
{result.title}
</h2>
<Badge
variant="outline"
className="font-mono text-[11px] shrink-0"
>
snapshot
</Badge>
</div>
<pre className="bg-card rounded-xl border border-border p-5 overflow-auto text-[13px] leading-relaxed font-mono max-h-[calc(100vh-12rem)]">
{result.snapshot}
</pre>
<details className="mt-4">
<summary className="text-[11px] text-muted-foreground cursor-pointer hover:text-foreground transition-colors">
Show steps ({steps.length})
</summary>
<div className="mt-2 space-y-0.5">
{steps.map((s, i) => (
<StepIndicator key={`${s.step}-${i}`} step={s} />
))}
</div>
</details>
</div>
)}
{!result.ok && (
<div className="w-full max-w-2xl space-y-4">
<ErrorDisplay error={result.error ?? "Unknown error"} />
{steps.length > 0 && (
<div className="space-y-0.5">
{steps.map((s, i) => (
<StepIndicator key={`${s.step}-${i}`} step={s} />
))}
</div>
)}
</div>
)}
</div>
) : (
<div className="min-h-[300px] md:h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-muted-foreground">
<Monitor className="size-12 mb-4 opacity-30" strokeWidth={1} />
<p className="text-sm font-medium mb-1">No result yet</p>
<p className="text-[13px]">Pick a URL and click Run</p>
</div>
);
return (
<div className="h-screen flex flex-col">
<header className="border-b border-border shrink-0">
<div className="px-4 md:px-6 h-12 flex items-center justify-between">
<div className="flex items-center gap-3">
<span className="text-sm font-semibold tracking-tight">
agent-browser
</span>
</div>
<div className="flex items-center gap-2">
<button
type="button"
onClick={toggleTheme}
className="size-8 inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md border border-input bg-background text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground transition-colors cursor-pointer"
aria-label="Toggle theme"
>
{theme === "dark" ? (
<Sun className="size-4" />
) : (
<Moon className="size-4" />
)}
</button>
<a
href="https://vercel.com/new/clone?repository-url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fagent-browser%2Fagent-browser%2Ftree%2Fmain%2Fexamples%2Fenvironments&env=AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID&envDescription=Sandbox%20snapshot%20ID%20for%20fast%20startup.%20Create%20with%20npx%20tsx%20scripts%2Fcreate-snapshot.ts&envLink=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fagent-browser%2Fagent-browser%2Ftree%2Fmain%2Fexamples%2Fenvironments%23sandbox-snapshots&project-name=agent-browser-environments&repository-name=agent-browser-environments"
target="_blank"
rel="noopener noreferrer"
>
<img
src="https://vercel.com/button"
alt="Deploy with Vercel"
className="h-8"
/>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</header>
{isMobile ? (
<div className="flex-1 overflow-auto">
<div className="border-b border-border">{controlsForm}</div>
<div className="bg-surface">{resultContent}</div>
</div>
) : (
<ResizablePanelGroup orientation="horizontal" className="flex-1">
<ResizablePanel defaultSize="30%" minSize="20%" maxSize="50%">
<aside className="h-full overflow-y-auto">{controlsForm}</aside>
</ResizablePanel>
<ResizableHandle withHandle />
<ResizablePanel defaultSize="70%">
<main className="h-full overflow-auto bg-surface">
{resultContent}
</main>
</ResizablePanel>
</ResizablePanelGroup>
)}
</div>
);
}
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
"use client"
import * as React from "react"
import { Select as SelectPrimitive } from "@base-ui/react/select"
import { cn } from "@/lib/utils"
import { ChevronDownIcon, CheckIcon, ChevronUpIcon } from "lucide-react"
const Select = SelectPrimitive.Root
function SelectGroup({ className, ...props }: SelectPrimitive.Group.Props) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Group
data-slot="select-group"
className={cn("scroll-my-1 p-1", className)}
{...props}
/>
)
}
function SelectValue({ className, ...props }: SelectPrimitive.Value.Props) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Value
data-slot="select-value"
className={cn("flex flex-1 text-left", className)}
{...props}
/>
)
}
function SelectTrigger({
className,
size = "default",
children,
...props
}: SelectPrimitive.Trigger.Props & {
size?: "sm" | "default"
}) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Trigger
data-slot="select-trigger"
data-size={size}
className={cn(
"flex w-fit items-center justify-between gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-input bg-transparent py-2 pr-2 pl-2.5 text-sm whitespace-nowrap transition-colors outline-none select-none focus-visible:border-ring focus-visible:ring-3 focus-visible:ring-ring/50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50 aria-invalid:border-destructive aria-invalid:ring-3 aria-invalid:ring-destructive/20 data-placeholder:text-muted-foreground data-[size=default]:h-8 data-[size=sm]:h-7 data-[size=sm]:rounded-[min(var(--radius-md),10px)] *:data-[slot=select-value]:line-clamp-1 *:data-[slot=select-value]:flex *:data-[slot=select-value]:items-center *:data-[slot=select-value]:gap-1.5 dark:bg-input/30 dark:hover:bg-input/50 dark:aria-invalid:border-destructive/50 dark:aria-invalid:ring-destructive/40 [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4",
className
)}
{...props}
>
{children}
<SelectPrimitive.Icon
render={
<ChevronDownIcon className="pointer-events-none size-4 text-muted-foreground" />
}
/>
</SelectPrimitive.Trigger>
)
}
function SelectContent({
className,
children,
side = "bottom",
sideOffset = 4,
align = "center",
alignOffset = 0,
alignItemWithTrigger = true,
...props
}: SelectPrimitive.Popup.Props &
Pick<
SelectPrimitive.Positioner.Props,
"align" | "alignOffset" | "side" | "sideOffset" | "alignItemWithTrigger"
>) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Portal>
<SelectPrimitive.Positioner
side={side}
sideOffset={sideOffset}
align={align}
alignOffset={alignOffset}
alignItemWithTrigger={alignItemWithTrigger}
className="isolate z-50"
>
<SelectPrimitive.Popup
data-slot="select-content"
data-align-trigger={alignItemWithTrigger}
className={cn("relative isolate z-50 max-h-(--available-height) w-(--anchor-width) min-w-36 origin-(--transform-origin) overflow-x-hidden overflow-y-auto rounded-lg bg-popover text-popover-foreground shadow-md ring-1 ring-foreground/10 duration-100 data-[align-trigger=true]:animate-none data-[side=bottom]:slide-in-from-top-2 data-[side=inline-end]:slide-in-from-left-2 data-[side=inline-start]:slide-in-from-right-2 data-[side=left]:slide-in-from-right-2 data-[side=right]:slide-in-from-left-2 data-[side=top]:slide-in-from-bottom-2 data-open:animate-in data-open:fade-in-0 data-open:zoom-in-95 data-closed:animate-out data-closed:fade-out-0 data-closed:zoom-out-95", className )}
{...props}
>
<SelectScrollUpButton />
<SelectPrimitive.List>{children}</SelectPrimitive.List>
<SelectScrollDownButton />
</SelectPrimitive.Popup>
</SelectPrimitive.Positioner>
</SelectPrimitive.Portal>
)
}
function SelectLabel({
className,
...props
}: SelectPrimitive.GroupLabel.Props) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.GroupLabel
data-slot="select-label"
className={cn("px-1.5 py-1 text-xs text-muted-foreground", className)}
{...props}
/>
)
}
function SelectItem({
className,
children,
...props
}: SelectPrimitive.Item.Props) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Item
data-slot="select-item"
className={cn(
"relative flex w-full cursor-default items-center gap-1.5 rounded-md py-1 pr-8 pl-1.5 text-sm outline-hidden select-none focus:bg-accent focus:text-accent-foreground not-data-[variant=destructive]:focus:**:text-accent-foreground data-disabled:pointer-events-none data-disabled:opacity-50 [&_svg]:pointer-events-none [&_svg]:shrink-0 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4 *:[span]:last:flex *:[span]:last:items-center *:[span]:last:gap-2",
className
)}
{...props}
>
<SelectPrimitive.ItemText className="flex flex-1 shrink-0 gap-2 whitespace-nowrap">
{children}
</SelectPrimitive.ItemText>
<SelectPrimitive.ItemIndicator
render={
<span className="pointer-events-none absolute right-2 flex size-4 items-center justify-center" />
}
>
<CheckIcon className="pointer-events-none" />
</SelectPrimitive.ItemIndicator>
</SelectPrimitive.Item>
)
}
function SelectSeparator({
className,
...props
}: SelectPrimitive.Separator.Props) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.Separator
data-slot="select-separator"
className={cn("pointer-events-none -mx-1 my-1 h-px bg-border", className)}
{...props}
/>
)
}
function SelectScrollUpButton({
className,
...props
}: React.ComponentProps<typeof SelectPrimitive.ScrollUpArrow>) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.ScrollUpArrow
data-slot="select-scroll-up-button"
className={cn(
"top-0 z-10 flex w-full cursor-default items-center justify-center bg-popover py-1 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4",
className
)}
{...props}
>
<ChevronUpIcon
/>
</SelectPrimitive.ScrollUpArrow>
)
}
function SelectScrollDownButton({
className,
...props
}: React.ComponentProps<typeof SelectPrimitive.ScrollDownArrow>) {
return (
<SelectPrimitive.ScrollDownArrow
data-slot="select-scroll-down-button"
className={cn(
"bottom-0 z-10 flex w-full cursor-default items-center justify-center bg-popover py-1 [&_svg:not([class*='size-'])]:size-4",
className
)}
{...props}
>
<ChevronDownIcon
/>
</SelectPrimitive.ScrollDownArrow>
)
}
export {
Select,
SelectContent,
SelectGroup,
SelectItem,
SelectLabel,
SelectScrollDownButton,
SelectScrollUpButton,
SelectSeparator,
SelectTrigger,
SelectValue,
}
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
/**
* Run agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
*
* No external server needed -- a Linux microVM spins up on demand,
* runs agent-browser + headless Chrome, and shuts down when done.
*
* For production, create a snapshot with agent-browser and Chromium
* pre-installed so startup is sub-second instead of ~30s.
*/
import { Sandbox } from "@vercel/sandbox";
export type SandboxResult = {
exitCode: number;
stdout: string;
stderr: string;
};
export type StepEvent = {
step: string;
status: "running" | "done" | "error";
elapsed?: number;
};
export type OnStep = (event: StepEvent) => void;
const SNAPSHOT_ID = process.env.AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID;
const CHROMIUM_SYSTEM_DEPS = [
"nss",
"nspr",
"libxkbcommon",
"atk",
"at-spi2-atk",
"at-spi2-core",
"libXcomposite",
"libXdamage",
"libXrandr",
"libXfixes",
"libXcursor",
"libXi",
"libXtst",
"libXScrnSaver",
"libXext",
"mesa-libgbm",
"libdrm",
"mesa-libGL",
"mesa-libEGL",
"cups-libs",
"alsa-lib",
"pango",
"cairo",
"gtk3",
"dbus-libs",
];
/**
* Returns credentials to spread into Sandbox.create() calls.
* When explicit env vars are set they take precedence; otherwise returns
* an empty object so the SDK falls back to VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN automatically.
*/
export function getSandboxCredentials():
| { token: string; teamId: string; projectId: string }
| Record<string, never> {
if (
process.env.VERCEL_TOKEN &&
process.env.VERCEL_TEAM_ID &&
process.env.VERCEL_PROJECT_ID
) {
return {
token: process.env.VERCEL_TOKEN,
teamId: process.env.VERCEL_TEAM_ID,
projectId: process.env.VERCEL_PROJECT_ID,
};
}
return {};
}
async function runStep<T>(
step: string,
fn: () => Promise<T>,
onStep?: OnStep,
): Promise<T> {
const start = Date.now();
onStep?.({ step, status: "running" });
try {
const result = await fn();
onStep?.({ step, status: "done", elapsed: Date.now() - start });
return result;
} catch (err) {
onStep?.({ step, status: "error", elapsed: Date.now() - start });
throw err;
}
}
/**
* Install system dependencies + agent-browser + Chromium into a fresh sandbox.
* The sandbox base image is Amazon Linux (dnf).
*/
async function bootstrapSandbox(
sandbox: InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>,
onStep?: OnStep,
): Promise<void> {
await runStep("Installing system dependencies", async () => {
await sandbox.runCommand("sh", [
"-c",
`sudo dnf clean all 2>&1 && sudo dnf install -y --skip-broken ${CHROMIUM_SYSTEM_DEPS.join(" ")} 2>&1 && sudo ldconfig 2>&1`,
]);
}, onStep);
await runStep("Installing agent-browser", async () => {
await sandbox.runCommand("npm", ["install", "-g", "agent-browser"]);
await sandbox.runCommand("npx", ["agent-browser", "install"]);
}, onStep);
}
async function createSandbox(
onStep?: OnStep,
): Promise<InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>> {
const credentials = getSandboxCredentials();
return runStep(
SNAPSHOT_ID ? "Booting sandbox from snapshot" : "Creating sandbox",
async () => {
if (SNAPSHOT_ID) {
return Sandbox.create({
...credentials,
source: { type: "snapshot", snapshotId: SNAPSHOT_ID },
timeout: 120_000,
});
}
const sb = await Sandbox.create({
...credentials,
runtime: "node24",
timeout: 120_000,
});
await bootstrapSandbox(sb, onStep);
return sb;
},
onStep,
);
}
async function exec(
sandbox: InstanceType<typeof Sandbox>,
cmd: string,
args: string[],
onStep?: OnStep,
stepLabel?: string,
): Promise<SandboxResult> {
const label = stepLabel || `${cmd} ${args.join(" ")}`;
return runStep(label, async () => {
const result = await sandbox.runCommand(cmd, args);
const stdout = await result.stdout();
const stderr = await result.stderr();
if (result.exitCode !== 0) {
throw new Error(
`Command "${cmd} ${args.join(" ")}" failed (exit ${result.exitCode}): ${stderr || stdout}`,
);
}
return { exitCode: result.exitCode, stdout, stderr };
}, onStep);
}
/**
* Screenshot a URL using agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
* Returns base64-encoded PNG.
*/
export async function screenshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { fullPage?: boolean; onStep?: OnStep } = {},
): Promise<{ screenshot: string; title: string }> {
const { onStep } = opts;
const sandbox = await createSandbox(onStep);
try {
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", "about:blank"], onStep, "Starting browser");
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", url], onStep, `Navigating to ${url}`);
const titleResult = await exec(
sandbox,
"agent-browser",
["get", "title", "--json"],
onStep,
"Getting page title",
);
const title = tryParseJson(titleResult.stdout)?.data?.title || url;
const screenshotArgs = ["screenshot", "--json"];
if (opts.fullPage) screenshotArgs.push("--full");
const ssResult = await exec(
sandbox,
"agent-browser",
screenshotArgs,
onStep,
"Taking screenshot",
);
const ssData = tryParseJson(ssResult.stdout)?.data;
const screenshotPath = ssData?.path;
if (!screenshotPath) {
throw new Error(
`Screenshot returned no file path. Raw output: ${ssResult.stdout.slice(0, 500)}`,
);
}
const b64Result = await exec(
sandbox,
"base64",
["-w", "0", screenshotPath],
onStep,
"Encoding screenshot",
);
const screenshot = b64Result.stdout.trim();
if (!screenshot) {
throw new Error("Failed to read screenshot file from sandbox");
}
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["close"], onStep, "Closing browser");
return { screenshot, title };
} finally {
await runStep("Stopping sandbox", () => sandbox.stop(), onStep);
}
}
/**
* Snapshot a URL (accessibility tree) using agent-browser inside a Vercel Sandbox.
*/
export async function snapshotUrl(
url: string,
opts: { interactive?: boolean; compact?: boolean; onStep?: OnStep } = {},
): Promise<{ snapshot: string; title: string }> {
const { onStep } = opts;
const sandbox = await createSandbox(onStep);
try {
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", "about:blank"], onStep, "Starting browser");
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["open", url], onStep, `Navigating to ${url}`);
const titleResult = await exec(
sandbox,
"agent-browser",
["get", "title", "--json"],
onStep,
"Getting page title",
);
const title = tryParseJson(titleResult.stdout)?.data?.title || url;
const snapshotArgs = ["snapshot"];
if (opts.interactive) snapshotArgs.push("-i");
if (opts.compact) snapshotArgs.push("-c");
const snapResult = await exec(
sandbox,
"agent-browser",
snapshotArgs,
onStep,
"Taking accessibility snapshot",
);
if (!snapResult.stdout.trim()) {
throw new Error("Snapshot returned empty data");
}
await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", ["close"], onStep, "Closing browser");
return { snapshot: snapResult.stdout, title };
} finally {
await runStep("Stopping sandbox", () => sandbox.stop(), onStep);
}
}
/**
* Run arbitrary agent-browser commands inside a Vercel Sandbox.
* Each command is a string array like ["open", "https://example.com"].
*/
export async function runCommands(
commands: string[][],
): Promise<SandboxResult[]> {
const sandbox = await createSandbox();
try {
const results: SandboxResult[] = [];
for (const args of commands) {
const result = await exec(sandbox, "agent-browser", args);
results.push(result);
}
return results;
} finally {
await sandbox.stop();
}
}
/**
* Create a reusable snapshot with agent-browser + Chromium pre-installed.
* Run this once, then set AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID for fast startup.
*/
export async function createSnapshot(): Promise<string> {
const sandbox = await Sandbox.create({
...getSandboxCredentials(),
runtime: "node24",
timeout: 300_000,
});
await bootstrapSandbox(sandbox);
const snapshot = await sandbox.snapshot();
return snapshot.snapshotId;
}
// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
function tryParseJson(str: string): any {
try {
return JSON.parse(str);
} catch {
return null;
}
}
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
{
"name": "agent-browser-demo",
"name": "agent-browser-environments",
"version": "0.1.0",
"private": true,
"scripts": {
@@ -10,18 +10,17 @@
},
"dependencies": {
"@base-ui/react": "^1.2.0",
"@sparticuz/chromium": "^143.0.4",
"@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4.2.1",
"@upstash/ratelimit": "^2.0.8",
"@upstash/redis": "^1.36.4",
"@vercel/sandbox": "^1.0.0",
"class-variance-authority": "^0.7.1",
"clsx": "^2.1.1",
"dotenv": "^17.3.1",
"geist": "^1.7.0",
"lucide-react": "^0.577.0",
"next": "^16.1.6",
"postcss": "^8.5.8",
"puppeteer-core": "^24.38.0",
"react": "^19.2.4",
"react-dom": "^19.2.4",
"react-resizable-panels": "^4.7.2",
@@ -11,9 +11,6 @@ importers:
'@base-ui/react':
specifier: ^1.2.0
version: 1.2.0(@types/react@19.2.14)(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)
'@sparticuz/chromium':
specifier: ^143.0.4
version: 143.0.4
'@tailwindcss/postcss':
specifier: ^4.2.1
version: 4.2.1
@@ -32,6 +29,9 @@ importers:
clsx:
specifier: ^2.1.1
version: 2.1.1
dotenv:
specifier: ^17.3.1
version: 17.3.1
geist:
specifier: ^1.7.0
version: 1.7.0(next@16.1.6(@babel/core@7.29.0)(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4))
@@ -44,9 +44,6 @@ importers:
postcss:
specifier: ^8.5.8
version: 8.5.8
puppeteer-core:
specifier: ^24.38.0
version: 24.38.0
react:
specifier: ^19.2.4
version: 19.2.4
@@ -566,11 +563,6 @@ packages:
'@open-draft/until@2.1.0':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-U69T3ItWHvLwGg5eJ0n3I62nWuE6ilHlmz7zM0npLBRvPRd7e6NYmg54vvRtP5mZG7kZqZCFVdsTWo7BPtBujg==}
'@puppeteer/browsers@2.13.0':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-46BZJYJjc/WwmKjsvDFykHtXrtomsCIrwYQPOP7VfMJoZY2bsDF9oROBABR3paDjDcmkUye1Pb1BqdcdiipaWA==}
engines: {node: '>=18'}
hasBin: true
'@sec-ant/readable-stream@0.4.1':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-831qok9r2t8AlxLko40y2ebgSDhenenCatLVeW/uBtnHPyhHOvG0C7TvfgecV+wHzIm5KUICgzmVpWS+IMEAeg==}
@@ -578,10 +570,6 @@ packages:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-tlqY9xq5ukxTUZBmoOp+m61cqwQD5pHJtFY3Mn8CA8ps6yghLH/Hw8UPdqg4OLmFW3IFlcXnQNmo/dh8HzXYIQ==}
engines: {node: '>=18'}
'@sparticuz/chromium@143.0.4':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-/6I7uQTRhRDD2/gGPQ1Gkf+Dqk0RYDACPJDZfSzz0OWk4JmUTonNHPXbrn6UIklOHlnDLf8xAAzkOZKB/cJpLA==}
engines: {node: '>=20.11.0'}
'@swc/helpers@0.5.15':
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@@ -673,9 +661,6 @@ packages:
'@tailwindcss/postcss@4.2.1':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-OEwGIBnXnj7zJeonOh6ZG9woofIjGrd2BORfvE5p9USYKDCZoQmfqLcfNiRWoJlRWLdNPn2IgVZuWAOM4iTYMw==}
'@tootallnate/quickjs-emscripten@0.23.0':
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'@ts-morph/common@0.27.0':
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@@ -696,9 +681,6 @@ packages:
'@types/validate-npm-package-name@4.0.2':
resolution: {integrity: sha512-lrpDziQipxCEeK5kWxvljWYhUvOiB2A9izZd9B2AFarYAkqZshb4lPbRs7zKEic6eGtH8V/2qJW+dPp9OtF6bw==}
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'@upstash/core-analytics@0.0.10':
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engines: {node: '>=16.0.0'}
@@ -756,10 +738,6 @@ packages:
argparse@2.0.1:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-8+9WqebbFzpX9OR+Wa6O29asIogeRMzcGtAINdpMHHyAg10f05aSFVBbcEqGf/PXw1EjAZ+q2/bEBg3DvurK3Q==}
ast-types@0.13.4:
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engines: {node: '>=4'}
ast-types@0.16.1:
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engines: {node: '>=4'}
@@ -787,45 +765,11 @@ packages:
bare-abort-controller:
optional: true
bare-fs@4.5.5:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-XvwYM6VZqKoqDll8BmSww5luA5eflDzY0uEFfBJtFKe4PAAtxBjU3YIxzIBzhyaEQBy1VXEQBto4cpN5RZJw+w==}
engines: {bare: '>=1.16.0'}
peerDependencies:
bare-buffer: '*'
peerDependenciesMeta:
bare-buffer:
optional: true
bare-os@3.7.1:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-ebvMaS5BgZKmJlvuWh14dg9rbUI84QeV3WlWn6Ph6lFI8jJoh7ADtVTyD2c93euwbe+zgi0DVrl4YmqXeM9aIA==}
engines: {bare: '>=1.14.0'}
bare-path@3.0.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-tyfW2cQcB5NN8Saijrhqn0Zh7AnFNsnczRcuWODH0eYAXBsJ5gVxAUuNr7tsHSC6IZ77cA0SitzT+s47kot8Mw==}
bare-stream@2.8.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-reUN0M2sHRqCdG4lUK3Fw8w98eeUIZHL5c3H7Mbhk2yVBL+oofgaIp0ieLfD5QXwPCypBpmEEKU2WZKzbAk8GA==}
peerDependencies:
bare-buffer: '*'
bare-events: '*'
peerDependenciesMeta:
bare-buffer:
optional: true
bare-events:
optional: true
bare-url@2.3.2:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-ZMq4gd9ngV5aTMa5p9+UfY0b3skwhHELaDkhEHetMdX0LRkW9kzaym4oo/Eh+Ghm0CCDuMTsRIGM/ytUc1ZYmw==}
baseline-browser-mapping@2.10.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-lIyg0szRfYbiy67j9KN8IyeD7q7hcmqnJ1ddWmNt19ItGpNN64mnllmxUNFIOdOm6by97jlL6wfpTTJrmnjWAA==}
engines: {node: '>=6.0.0'}
hasBin: true
basic-ftp@5.2.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-VoMINM2rqJwJgfdHq6RiUudKt2BV+FY5ZFezP/ypmwayk68+NzzAQy4XXLlqsGD4MCzq3DrmNFD/uUmBJuGoXw==}
engines: {node: '>=10.0.0'}
body-parser@2.2.2:
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engines: {node: '>=18'}
@@ -843,9 +787,6 @@ packages:
engines: {node: ^6 || ^7 || ^8 || ^9 || ^10 || ^11 || ^12 || >=13.7}
hasBin: true
buffer-crc32@0.2.13:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-VO9Ht/+p3SN7SKWqcrgEzjGbRSJYTx+Q1pTQC0wrWqHx0vpJraQ6GtHx8tvcg1rlK1byhU5gccxgOgj7B0TDkQ==}
bundle-name@4.1.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-tjwM5exMg6BGRI+kNmTntNsvdZS1X8BFYS6tnJ2hdH0kVxM6/eVZ2xy+FqStSWvYmtfFMDLIxurorHwDKfDz5Q==}
engines: {node: '>=18'}
@@ -873,11 +814,6 @@ packages:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-7NzBL0rN6fMUW+f7A6Io4h40qQlG+xGmtMxfbnH/K7TAtt8JQWVQK+6g0UXKMeVJoyV5EkkNsErQ8pVD3bLHbA==}
engines: {node: ^12.17.0 || ^14.13 || >=16.0.0}
chromium-bidi@14.0.0:
resolution: {integrity: sha512-9gYlLtS6tStdRWzrtXaTMnqcM4dudNegMXJxkR0I/CXObHalYeYcAMPrL19eroNZHtJ8DQmu1E+ZNOYu/IXMXw==}
peerDependencies:
devtools-protocol: '*'
class-variance-authority@0.7.1:
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@@ -974,10 +910,6 @@ packages:
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engines: {node: '>= 12'}
data-uri-to-buffer@6.0.2:
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engines: {node: '>= 14'}
debug@4.4.3:
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engines: {node: '>=6.0'}
@@ -1011,10 +943,6 @@ packages:
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engines: {node: '>=12'}
degenerator@5.0.1:
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engines: {node: '>= 14'}
depd@2.0.0:
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engines: {node: '>= 0.8'}
@@ -1023,9 +951,6 @@ packages:
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engines: {node: '>=8'}
devtools-protocol@0.0.1581282:
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engines: {node: '>=0.3.1'}
@@ -1058,9 +983,6 @@ packages:
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engines: {node: '>= 0.8'}
end-of-stream@1.4.5:
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engines: {node: '>=10.13.0'}
@@ -1091,24 +1013,11 @@ packages:
escape-html@1.0.3:
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engines: {node: '>=6.0'}
hasBin: true
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engines: {node: '>=4'}
hasBin: true
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@@ -1142,11 +1051,6 @@ packages:
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@@ -1163,9 +1067,6 @@ packages:
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peerDependenciesMeta:
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- bare-buffer
- react-native-b4a
tar-stream@3.1.7:
dependencies:
b4a: 1.8.0
@@ -4281,14 +3848,6 @@ snapshots:
- bare-abort-controller
- react-native-b4a
teex@1.0.1:
dependencies:
streamx: 2.23.0
transitivePeerDependencies:
- bare-abort-controller
- react-native-b4a
optional: true
text-decoder@1.2.7:
dependencies:
b4a: 1.8.0
@@ -4340,8 +3899,6 @@ snapshots:
media-typer: 1.1.0
mime-types: 3.0.2
typed-query-selector@2.12.1: {}
typescript@5.9.3: {}
uncrypto@0.1.3: {}
@@ -4376,8 +3933,6 @@ snapshots:
web-streams-polyfill@3.3.3: {}
webdriver-bidi-protocol@0.4.1: {}
which@2.0.2:
dependencies:
isexe: 2.0.0
@@ -4400,8 +3955,6 @@ snapshots:
wrappy@1.0.2: {}
ws@8.19.0: {}
wsl-utils@0.3.1:
dependencies:
is-wsl: 3.1.1
@@ -4431,11 +3984,6 @@ snapshots:
y18n: 5.0.8
yargs-parser: 21.1.1
yauzl@2.10.0:
dependencies:
buffer-crc32: 0.2.13
fd-slicer: 1.1.0
yoctocolors-cjs@2.1.3: {}
yoctocolors@2.1.2: {}
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
/**
* Create a Vercel Sandbox snapshot with agent-browser + Chromium pre-installed.
*
* Run once: npx tsx scripts/create-snapshot.ts
* Then set: AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=<output id>
*
* Authentication (one of):
* - VERCEL_TOKEN + VERCEL_TEAM_ID + VERCEL_PROJECT_ID
* - VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN (automatically available on Vercel deployments)
*
* This makes sandbox creation sub-second instead of ~30s.
*/
import "dotenv/config";
import { createSnapshot, getSandboxCredentials } from "../lib/agent-browser-sandbox";
const hasExplicitCreds = !!(
process.env.VERCEL_TOKEN &&
process.env.VERCEL_TEAM_ID &&
process.env.VERCEL_PROJECT_ID
);
const hasOidc = !!process.env.VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN;
if (!hasExplicitCreds && !hasOidc) {
console.error(
"Missing sandbox credentials. Provide either:\n" +
" 1. VERCEL_TOKEN + VERCEL_TEAM_ID + VERCEL_PROJECT_ID\n" +
" 2. VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN",
);
process.exit(1);
}
const creds = getSandboxCredentials();
console.log(
creds.token
? `Authenticating with explicit credentials (team: ${creds.teamId})`
: "Authenticating via VERCEL_OIDC_TOKEN",
);
async function main() {
console.log("Creating Vercel Sandbox with agent-browser + Chromium...");
console.log("This takes ~30-60 seconds on first run.\n");
const snapshotId = await createSnapshot();
console.log("\nSnapshot created successfully!");
console.log(`\n AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=${snapshotId}\n`);
console.log("Add this to your .env.local or Vercel environment variables.");
}
main().catch((err) => {
console.error("Failed to create snapshot:", err.message || err);
process.exit(1);
});
-189
View File
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
---
name: next
description: Run headless Chrome in Next.js serverless functions using @sparticuz/chromium + puppeteer-core. Use when the user needs browser automation from a Next.js app, wants to take screenshots or snapshots from server actions or API routes, or is building a Next.js app that needs headless Chrome. Triggers include "screenshot from Next.js", "headless Chrome in serverless", "browser automation in Next.js", "puppeteer on Vercel", or any task requiring Chrome in a Next.js server context.
---
# Browser Automation in Next.js Serverless Functions
Run headless Chrome directly inside Next.js server actions and API routes using `@sparticuz/chromium` + `puppeteer-core`. No external server needed -- Chrome runs in the same serverless function.
## Dependencies
```bash
pnpm add @sparticuz/chromium puppeteer-core
```
## Core Pattern
```ts
import puppeteer from "puppeteer-core";
import chromium from "@sparticuz/chromium";
import fs from "node:fs";
const CHROME_PATHS = [
"/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome",
"/usr/bin/google-chrome",
"/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable",
"/usr/bin/chromium",
"/usr/bin/chromium-browser",
];
function findLocalChrome(): string {
for (const p of CHROME_PATHS) {
if (fs.existsSync(p)) return p;
}
throw new Error(
`Chrome not found. Set CHROMIUM_PATH to your Chrome/Chromium binary.`,
);
}
async function launchBrowser() {
const isLambda =
!!process.env.VERCEL || !!process.env.AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME;
const executablePath = isLambda
? await chromium.executablePath()
: process.env.CHROMIUM_PATH || findLocalChrome();
const args = isLambda
? chromium.args
: ["--no-sandbox", "--disable-setuid-sandbox"];
return puppeteer.launch({
args,
executablePath,
headless: true,
defaultViewport: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
});
}
```
On Vercel, `@sparticuz/chromium` bundles a compatible Chromium binary automatically. Locally, the launcher falls back to the system Chrome installation or `CHROMIUM_PATH`.
## Server Actions
### Screenshot
```ts
"use server";
export async function takeScreenshot(url: string) {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
const title = await page.title();
const screenshot = await page.screenshot({
fullPage: true,
encoding: "base64",
});
return { ok: true, title, screenshot: screenshot as string };
} catch (err) {
return { ok: false, error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) };
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
```
### Accessibility Snapshot
```ts
"use server";
export async function takeSnapshot(url: string) {
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
const title = await page.title();
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
return { ok: true, title, snapshot: JSON.stringify(snapshot, null, 2) };
} catch (err) {
return { ok: false, error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) };
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
```
## API Routes
```ts
// app/api/browse/route.ts
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
const { url, action } = await req.json();
if (!url) {
return NextResponse.json({ error: "Provide a 'url'" }, { status: 400 });
}
const browser = await launchBrowser();
try {
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: "networkidle2", timeout: 30_000 });
if (action === "screenshot") {
const screenshot = await page.screenshot({ encoding: "base64" });
return NextResponse.json({ screenshot });
}
if (action === "snapshot") {
const snapshot = await page.accessibility.snapshot();
return NextResponse.json({ snapshot });
}
return NextResponse.json(
{ error: "action must be 'screenshot' or 'snapshot'" },
{ status: 400 },
);
} finally {
await browser.close();
}
}
```
## Environment Variables
| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `CHROMIUM_PATH` | Local dev only | Path to Chrome/Chromium binary. Not needed on Vercel. |
On Vercel, `@sparticuz/chromium` auto-detects the bundled binary. Locally, if Chrome is not in a standard location, set `CHROMIUM_PATH`.
## Vercel Configuration
The `@sparticuz/chromium` binary is large (~50MB). Increase the serverless function's memory and timeout if needed:
```ts
// next.config.ts
const nextConfig = {
serverExternalPackages: ["@sparticuz/chromium"],
};
export default nextConfig;
```
If the project lives in a monorepo subdirectory, set `outputFileTracingRoot` so the Chromium binary is included in the deployment:
```ts
import path from "node:path";
const nextConfig = {
outputFileTracingRoot: path.join(import.meta.dirname, "../../"),
serverExternalPackages: ["@sparticuz/chromium"],
};
export default nextConfig;
```
## Limitations
- Vercel serverless functions have a 50MB compressed size limit. `@sparticuz/chromium` fits within this but leaves limited room for other large dependencies.
- Function execution timeout is 10s on Hobby, 300s on Pro. Complex page loads may need the Pro plan.
- Each invocation launches a fresh browser. There is no session persistence between requests.
- For workflows that need persistent sessions, longer timeouts, or full Chrome (no size limits), use the Vercel Sandbox pattern instead (see the `vercel-sandbox` skill).
## Example
See `examples/demo/` in the agent-browser repo for a working app with both serverless and sandbox patterns, and a deploy-to-Vercel button.
+14 -18
View File
@@ -7,25 +7,13 @@ description: Run agent-browser + Chrome inside Vercel Sandbox microVMs for brows
Run agent-browser + headless Chrome inside ephemeral Vercel Sandbox microVMs. A Linux VM spins up on demand, executes browser commands, and shuts down. Works with any Vercel-deployed framework (Next.js, SvelteKit, Nuxt, Remix, Astro, etc.).
## When to Use Sandbox vs Serverless
| | Vercel Sandbox | Serverless (`@sparticuz/chromium`) |
|---|---|---|
| Binary size limit | None | 50MB compressed |
| Session persistence | Yes, within a sandbox lifetime | No, fresh browser per request |
| Multi-step workflows | Yes, run sequences of commands | Single request only |
| Startup time | ~30s cold, sub-second with snapshot | ~2-3s |
| Framework support | Any (Next.js, SvelteKit, Nuxt, etc.) | Next.js (or any Node.js serverless) |
Use Sandbox when you need full Chrome, multi-step workflows, or longer execution times. Use serverless when you need fast single-request screenshots/snapshots.
## Dependencies
```bash
pnpm add @vercel/sandbox
```
The sandbox VM installs agent-browser and Chrome on first run. Use snapshots (below) to skip this step.
The sandbox VM installs agent-browser and Chrome on first run. Use sandbox snapshots (below) to skip this step.
## Core Pattern
@@ -139,9 +127,15 @@ export async function fillAndSubmitForm(url: string, data: Record<string, string
}
```
## Snapshots (Fast Startup)
## Sandbox Snapshots (Fast Startup)
Without a snapshot, the first sandbox run installs agent-browser + Chromium (~30s). Create a snapshot to make startup sub-second:
A **sandbox snapshot** is a saved VM image of a Vercel Sandbox with agent-browser + Chromium already installed. Think of it like a Docker image -- instead of installing dependencies from scratch every time, the sandbox boots from the pre-built image.
This is unrelated to agent-browser's *accessibility snapshot* feature (`agent-browser snapshot`), which dumps a page's accessibility tree. A sandbox snapshot is a Vercel infrastructure concept for fast VM startup.
Without a sandbox snapshot, each run installs agent-browser + Chromium (~30s). With one, startup is sub-second.
### Creating a sandbox snapshot
```ts
import { Sandbox } from "@vercel/sandbox";
@@ -169,9 +163,11 @@ AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID=snap_xxxxxxxxxxxx
A helper script is available in the demo app:
```bash
npx tsx examples/demo/scripts/create-snapshot.ts
npx tsx examples/environments/scripts/create-snapshot.ts
```
Recommended for any production deployment using the Sandbox pattern.
## Scheduled Workflows (Cron)
Combine with Vercel Cron Jobs for recurring browser tasks:
@@ -200,7 +196,7 @@ export async function GET() {
| Variable | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|
| `AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID` | No (but recommended) | Pre-built snapshot ID for sub-second startup |
| `AGENT_BROWSER_SNAPSHOT_ID` | No (but recommended) | Pre-built sandbox snapshot ID for sub-second startup (see above) |
The Vercel Sandbox SDK handles OIDC authentication automatically when deployed on Vercel. For local development, run `vercel link` and `vercel env pull` to get the required tokens.
@@ -218,4 +214,4 @@ The pattern works identically across frameworks. The only difference is where yo
## Example
See `examples/demo/` in the agent-browser repo for a working app with the Vercel Sandbox pattern, including a snapshot creation script and demo UI.
See `examples/environments/` in the agent-browser repo for a working app with the Vercel Sandbox pattern, including a sandbox snapshot creation script and demo UI.